Alien Space Elevator discovered!

Astronomers from the California Institute of Science have announced today the direct observation of a Space Elevator erected by an alien civilization outside our solar system, located around the second planet in the star system Epsilon Eridani.

Just like the great wall of China, which is the most space-visible human-made artifact on Earth, a Space Elevator is easily detected as a 100,000 km searchlight blinking on and off around the alien planet. NASA’s recently launched Kepler Space Telescope is especially designed to detect such beacons, and the detection circuits located the Eridani Space Elevator as soon as the telescope was switched on. 

When asked about the significance of the discovery, ISEC’s president Ted Semon remarked that it is only logical that an alien advanced race would build a Space Elevator as they become a space faring civilization.  “It is what I would do” he added.  “This is also another example of science fiction predicting science fact.  As is well known, the TV series Star Trek placed the planet Vulcan in the Epsilon Eridani system and now we find that there is actually an advanced civilization there.”

Scientists caution, however, that no more than 12 adults or 2000 lb (which ever is less) should be loaded onto the elevator at any given time, and that you should be careful of the closing doors.  Also, if you have small children with you, you should prevent them from pushing all of the buttons as this could extend the trip by several days.

Blog visitors from around the world

Astute readers of this blog may have noticed a new item I’ve put on the sidebar, a ‘Flag Counter’.  This little widget attempts to identify each unique visitor to the blog by country.  As may be expected, the vast majority of the visitors are from the US, but there are many visitors from around the world.  My recent favorite is this one:

 
And, if you click on the ‘Palestinian Territory, Occupied’ link, you get this:
 
 
I’m not going to go all political on you, but it is nice to see that someone in this part of the world has an interest in Space Elevators…  Incidentally, all of the information on this site about countries and territories comes from the CIA World Factbook.  Click on the “Click for More” link on the flagcounter to visit the site and see where my readers are coming from.

Reminder – Next Space Elevator chat coming Tuesday, March 31st

The third in the series of the Space Elevator Spring Chats, hosted by Marc Boucher at the Space Elevator Reference site, will be tomorrow, Tuesday, March 31st at 2:30pm – Eastern Time. This week, Marc will interview Bert Murray, the head of the National Space Society (NSS) Climber / Power-Beaming team.

The topic: Discussion on the NSS Team efforts and the Space Elevator. Bert has 30 years experience working at Lockheed Martin.

I look forward to seeing all of you on Marc’s next chat!

Transcript of Space Elevator Reference chat with Ben Shelef now available

On March 17th, the inaugural Space Elevator Reference chat was held.  This is a series of chats that is being hosted at Marc Boucher’s Space Elevator Reference site.

The first guest was Ben Shelef, CEO of the Spaceward Foundation, host of the Space Elevator Games.

The transcript of this chat is now available.  If you missed the chat, here is your chance to get the absolute latest information on the Space Elevator Games and hear Ben’s answers to other questions that were posed to him.

Call for Papers

A “Call for Papers” has been issued for the 2009 Space Elevator Conference.  From the document;

The Space Engineering and Science Institute Presents
2009 Space Elevator Conference
Redmond, Washington, USA
Sponsored by Microsoft Corporation

Call for Presentations and Papers

The 2009 Space Elevator Conference is a four day conference to be held in Redmond, Washington at the Microsoft Conference Center on August 13-16, 2009.  The conference, focusing on all aspects of Space Elevator development, will engage an international audience of scientists, engineers, educators, managers, entrepreneurs, enthusiasts and students. This conference will feature topical discussions in all of the Four Pillars of Space Elevator Development: Science/Technical, Political/Social, Legal, and Economic. In addition, we anticipate technical and speculative presentations on the topics mentioned below. We invite you to present a paper on a topic of your interest. The evening of August 12 a public presentation on the Space Elevator will be held at the Microsoft Conference Center.

The effort to organize this conference started immediately after the conference last year ended and it promises to be the best ever.  If you have some expertise in a topic relating to the Space Elevator (it doesn’t have to be technical in nature, you can opine on the Legal, Business and/or Public Outreach matters relating to a Space Elevator), then by all means – come to the Conference and share your knowledge!

For the past two conferences, I’ve given a paper on who I thought might be the first entities to build a Space Elevator – perhaps I will do so again this year.

Even if you don’t want to present a paper, you should attend this conference if you have any interest at all in this subject.  This is THE definitive conference about building a Space Elevator and most/all of the leading figures in the field will be attending.

You can view the entire “Call for Papers” document here (it’s in pdf format).  For the latest news about this conference, visit the Conference website.

Be there or be square!

More Space Elevator stuff on YouTube

It’s been a while since I’ve inflicted shown you Space Elevator related videos I’ve found on YouTube.  No, this is not the Jay Leno version of “Videos I’ve found on YouTube”, it’s mine…

This first video is of the ‘future history’ variety, talking about Space Elevators in the 31st century: (Note – updated on 03APR09 at the request of the author of the video, Erich Stüssi.  He emailed me to tell me that the video I had posted was just the ‘rough cut’ of a school assignment.  The one below is the final version.  Thanks for the update Erich.)
[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qBB0CLzbq7I[/youtube]

This second video is of YerbY, another musician singing about a Space Elevator.  This YouTube version is the ‘solo acoustic’ version of his song, Space Elevator (on the album called “Space Elevator”). He also has a website where he has an orchestral version of this song plus some clips of other tunes on the album.  From his website:

My album Space Elevator is the culmination of the writing I did during most of 2008. On the album, I sought not to write your average pop songs. There are no repeating choruses or verses. Every word of the lyrics was stated with care. I arranged the instruments with the goal of letting each song unfold gradually from beginning to end, hopefully taking the listener through the same journey I went through in writing it. Also, there is no “filler” on the album; I worked tirelessly on each song until I felt it expressed the idea I intended to convey. I posted the few songs above to provide stylistic samples; I wrote Space Elevator hoping for it to be heard as a complete work.

And, without further ado, here ’tis…

[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nLVJ5S7fqs8[/youtube]

Finally, saving the best for last, is the Space Elevator Games recap / teaser put together by the Chicago video production company Bitter Jester Creative, Inc.  If you were at the last Games, you undoubtedly saw this group, filming everything in sight and interviewing almost everyone in site.  They are putting together a video about the Space Elevator Games with an emphasis on the human side rather than the technical side (though that will be shown, too).I really, really like this video and I can’t wait to see their final product.
[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HpgE0lkYWJ8[/youtube]
 

More lasers in the news…

Brian Turner, captain of the Kansas City Space Pirates, sent me a pointer to this story.  An excerpt:

In recent test-blasts, Pentagon-researchers at Northrop Grumman managed to get its 105 kilowatts of power out of their laser — past the “100kW threshold [that] has been viewed traditionally as a proof of principle for ‘weapons grade’ power levels for high-energy lasers,” Northrop’s vice president of directed energy systems, Dan Wildt, said in a statement...

The next step is to start trying out the ray gun, outside of the lab. The Army is planning to move the device to its High Energy Laser Systems Test Facility at White Sands Missile Range. Testing is supposed to begin by this time, next year.

Brian says that this laser should “…take care of whatever Ben has in mind.  ‘Ben’, of course, is Ben Shelef, CEO of the Spaceward Foundation, host of the Space Elevator Games.  This year’s Games are using an 8-kW laser to propel climbers a full kilometer high.  A 105 kW laser like the one in the story should do considerably better.

In a post I put up in June of last year, I wrote how Brad Edwards said that passing the 100kW threshold for solid-state lasers was an important step in having the technology in place to build a Space Elevator.  That makes this story potentially very significant.

And, in other laser news, it looks like they now may now have another use.  According to the Wall Street Journal, Jordin Kare, the ‘laser guy’ behind the LaserMotive team is trying to use lasers as a weapon against mosquitoes.  The real target here, of course, is malaria, a deadly disease carried by mosquitoes.  From the article:

In a lab in this Seattle suburb, researchers in long white coats recently stood watching a small glass box of bugs. Every few seconds, a contraption 100 feet away shot a beam that hit the buzzing mosquitoes, one by one, with a spot of red light…

“We’d be delighted if we destabilize the human-mosquito balance of power,” says Jordin Kare, an astrophysicist who once worked at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, the birthplace of some of the deadliest weapons known to man. More recently he worked on the mosquito laser, built from parts bought on eBay.

If mosquitoes ever develop immunity to lasers, like they have to DDT, then we’ll all be in trouble…

(Picture thumbnails are from their respective articles.  Click on them for a larger version.  There are several pictures on the ‘Mosquito Laser’ story page.)

Reminder – Next Space Elevator chat coming Tuesday, March 24th

The second in the series of the Space Elevator Spring Chats, hosted by Marc Boucher at the Space Elevator Reference site, will be tomorrow, Tuesday, March 24th at 2:30pm – Eastern Time.  Last week, Marc interviewed Ben Shelef, CEO of the Spaceward Foundation.  This week, Marc himself will be on the hotseat as he talks about his Space Elevator Open Wiki & Developer Wiki and how to get involved.

I look forward to seeing all of you on Marc’s next chat!

Happy birthday Captain Kirk!

All true trekkies (I’m not one, but I sure do like Star Trek and it’s offspring) know that today is William Shatner’s birthday.  The list of TV series and shows and movies that this Canadian-born actor has appeared in is truly impressive, but for I, and I suspect most people my age, he will always be “Captain Kirk”.

However, my two favorite YouTube clips of him show him outside of his Captain Kirk role.

First is his immortal rendition of ‘Rocket Man’;

[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lul-Y8vSr0I[/youtube]

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And, of course, here, acting in the role of Denny Crane, is his absolutely classic defense of guns and the right to self-defense;

[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6yJ7cfr9Lso&feature=related[/youtube]

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Happy Birthday Captain Kirk – live long and prosper!

Check out the new wheels for the Kansas City Space Pirates!

I received the following note from Brian Turner, captain of the Kansas City Space Pirates team which will be competing in the upcoming Space Elevator Games.  Check out his new wheels!

We have a new ship. One of the requirements for logistics this year is a self contained system. I had put off getting a new trailer until I knew what the requirements and budget would be. I was also just trying to delay the expense. This is a used trailer but has most all the features that we were looking for. Heated, cooled, window, dual axel and v-nose. After we started putting in all of the stuff I was thinking that perhaps a bigger one would have been better. But if needed we can still take the old 20 footer in addition.

And it looks like the competition date has slipped again. We are now in that in between stage where the April date is obviously unreachable but a new date has not been set. More on that later.

Now we just need to put a real big hole in the roof of this trailer for the laser to come out. I am considering naming the trailer so feel free to send me any suggestions. Right now it goes by the ominous name of “the trailer” The old trailer is probably suffering from an inferiority complex.

Most everything else is going well. We did add Asphericon ( http://www.asphericon.net/cms/all/1/0 ) as a major new sponsor and I am quite happy about that. We will now have a complete optics system second to none.

Brian Turner
Team Captain

In the last competition, only the team from USST had a trailer like this, complete with its self-contained laser system.  This year, everyone will.

This is going to be so cool…

(Click on the picture thumbnails for an enlarged view)

Update – Brian wants a name for his new ‘Pirate ship’.  Perhaps he should visit this website and use one of its suggestions.  Personally I like “The really, really mean minnow”… 🙂

First test of the JSEA Balloon-Tether competition track is successful

Shuichi Ohno, Chairman of the Japan Space Elevator Association (JSEA) sent me an email about their first test of the Balloon-Tether system that they will be using in their upcoming Space Elevator competition (JSETEC):

Last Monday, our first balloon-tether system experiment took place in Chiba, near Tokyo.  We used a 4.5m diameter helium balloon, 50mm seat-belt tether, battery and a climber.  The Climber successfully climbed tether up to 40m high.  We have received authority to hold the competition.

Next test is with many additional pieces of equipment ( ie. gravity tether tensioner, 3point anchor, more climbers…) and will be held in May.

Ohno-san sent these pictures for us, too.  Click on any of them to view a larger version.















Congratulations to Ohno-san and the Japan Space Elevator Assocation!

Omedetou Gozaimasu!

Weekly series of Space Elevator chats begins this Tuesday

Over at the Space Elevator Reference, THE original Space Elevator website, host Marc Boucher will be hosting a series of online chats dedicated to the topic of the Space Elevator.  Each week, Marc will have a different luminary from the Space Elevator effort on the chat.

Spring Chat Series Starting March 17 and running every Tuesday for at least 4 weeks.

Our first guest will be:

Ben Shelef, Co-founder, The Spaceward Foundation & the International Space Elevator Consortium
Join the Chat: March 17 @ 2:30 PM Eastern Time/ 11:30 AM Pacific Time

Topic: The Space Elevator concept including an update on the Space Elevator Challenges
http://www.spaceelevator.com/chat

So, join the chat and learn, first-hand, the latest goings-on in the Space Elevator effort.  You can also send questions to Marc before the show at:

Marc.Boucher [at] spaceelevator.com.

Hope to see you on the chat!

Japan Space Elevator Assocation to host its own Space Elevator Games

I received this word from Shuichi Ohno, Chairman of the Japan Space Elevator Association (JSEA):

We at JSEA have institutionalized from private organization to Aggregate Corporation in this month, and now, we are planning to hold a new type of space elevator climber competition in Japan on August 8-9.

This competition is focused especially on climber mechanism, a mechanism for faster climbing speeds.  We will use 12V battery for power, making it easier to join than the Power Beaming competition in USA.  Entry fee will be $100 (and insurance fee) for 1 team.

We already have started promotion of this competition in Japan, and 3-4 teams from 2 universities have already expressed their interest.  Another several universities are now considering.

We have to start small due to our limited budget, but we will try to hold a competition every 6 months. Perhaps, we will not have any prize except the honor of “The fastest climber in Japan or world”…

We will support 150-200m tether by 4.5m diameter helium balloon.  Next Monday, we are going to have the first field balloon and tether test.

So, this is great news, of course – it’s wonderful to see Japan get more involved in this type of endeavor.

An official announcement of this competition, the “1st Japan Space Elevator Technical & Engineering Competition” is on the JSEA Website.  The announcement is in Japanese of course.  An English translation is in the works and, when ready, will be posted here.  In addition, I will post any and all information I receive from the JSEA on these Games.

KC Space Pirates March, 2009 update

The latest from Brian Turner, captain of the Kansas City Space Pirates:

Well I have not been sending out updates because “next week” we were going to have a finalized date for the competition. It’s been going that way for 5 weeks now. The date is still listed as tentative. But since everyone watching closely for leaking information knows the date I figure that I can tell my friends.

But the tentative location is really rather exciting and I would hate missing having fun chatting about it. The date is the last week in April or only 7 weeks from today. We also are trying to get in some laser test time before then to give the system a final shake down so we have only a few weeks to get it all together.

But the super cool site is KSC as in Kennedy Space Center in Florida.

If it were not for the trees you could see the Vehicle Assembly Building where the space shuttle gets it’s oil changed every 10 million or so miles. The site is a “for real”, high power, Kilometer long laser test range. The part where Spaceward wants to stand it on end and hook it to a helicopter is creating a lot extra paperwork and that is why it is still listed as tentative. It also happens that such a place would be used for some of the secret kind of testing and we want to drag in about a bunch people, the press, and show what we are doing to the whole world. I can understand that causing some pause.

I did get to go down and check it out first hand. It is not real spectator friendly but then the heightened laser safety standards are not real spectator friendly anyway. If you want to come watch, there is an RV/baseball park about 2 miles south. If you get bored you can hit Coco beach only a couple miles further south. But there is a rumor floating around that we might get on NASA TV or at least be streamed on the Internet.  That will make it all the way back to most of your living rooms. And if nothing else, there is always Ted’s excellent spaceelevatorblog.com. (Thanks, Brian…)

I also went to Photonics West Trade show in late January to try to pick up a sponsor to build a high dollar part that we want real bad. 

It was interesting at the show as more and more of the vendors know what I am talking about when I say I am working on the Space Elevator competition. I still mostly get the polite “Is this guy crazy?” blank smile but then that is generally what I expect. After all, it’s not like I would take us seriously at first glance either. You have to build up to this thing or it might give you whiplash.

Prior to this date announcement, the team and myself had been focusing on improving our system’s questionable weak points and kinda ignoring the stuff that was no big deal but just needed to get done. So now we are buried in grunt work. Stuff we have planned but have not actually got done. Everything from laser stops to spare parts to trailer improvements. It’s the kind of stuff that makes you say things like “Wow, this is a lot of work!” and “Wow, this is a lot of money!”

On a personal note. My neighborhood is getting sewers put in and the spring rains have turned half of my yard and most of the streets into mud. When it’s dry, there is dust everywhere. It’s tracking inside and it’s been a real pain to keep the optics clean. I also slipped on the ice a week ago and cracked a rib. Not a big deal, just hurts whenever I have to lift something.

That’s all for now. Looks like I need to go lift something that we just spent a bunch of money on. 😉

Talk to ya later

Brian Turner
Team Captain
KC Space Pirates

Yeah, what he said…

Competition team updates…

The arrangements are still progressing but not finalized for the upcoming Space Elevator Games – stay tuned to this blog or the Spaceward website for the latest, accurate information about the Space Elevator Games…

In the meantime, two teams have posted updates about their activities.

First up is the McGill Space Elevator Team.  Their blog has a short article and a picture about their new motor controller power supply.

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And the LaserMotive blog has the answer to the question; “What does duct tape, security cameras, multi-kilowatt laser sytems and Harley’s have in common?”  We can all sleep a little easier tonight…

Nothing new…

No, there’s nothing wrong with me (outside of a nasty cold that had me bed-ridden for a few days), there’s just not much going on in the “Space Elevator World” at this time.

Work still continues on finalizing arrangements for the next Space Elevator Games.  It has been reported in many places (but NOT this blog) that the Games are scheduled for April 26th-30th, or alternatively, April 27th-May1st.  This may yet happen but is NOT yet certain.  When the dates and location are set, you’ll hear about it first here on this blog and, of course, on the Spaceward website.  Several of us, including some team representatives, visited the Kennedy Space Center in late February to meet with people from ISTEF, the Kennedy Space Center, NASA, and several other groups to discuss logistical problems and find solutions.  This is no small task.  What Spaceward and the teams are attempting to accomplish this year is truly quite astonishing; creating a laser-powered climber speeding along at an average speed of 5 meters/second up a kilometer-long steel cable racetrack held up by a hovering helicopter.  Because the teams are beaming class-4 lasers essentially straight up into the air, flight restrictions must be observed so that aircraft, especially low-flying aircraft, are not allowed in the area during climbs.  Also, the actual scheduling of the runs must take into account overhead satellite passes as it is might be possible for these lasers to affect some satellite optics.  In addition, because reflections from these lasers off of the climbers can be potentially dangerous, procedures and ‘safe’ areas need be designated so that the “6 year old albino kid who never blinks and has both a 12″ Celestron telescope and a litigious mother” are taken into account and kept safe.  All these problems are solvable, but many parties are involved and all have to be satisfied that the plan is a sound one.

Speaking of lasers, LaserMotive’s Jordin Kare recently appearedon Dr. David Livingston’s Space Show.  Jordin really knows lasers and the show is quite informative – tune in and enjoy…

LaserMotive upgrades their motor…

Yes, it’s true, LaserMotive now has a spiffy new motor for their climber.

Check out their blog post for a picture of the motor and some more details…

Note that they are also looking for alternative uses for this motor.  Hmm…  I think they should use it to power a robot that automatically pumps out draft beer…

Here’s one that pours canned beer from (presumably) a mini-fridge inside of it.  I love how it pours the can in three different phases so that it (almost) doesn’t allow the head to overspill.  It would have been even cooler if they would have had a knife go across the top of the glass to knock off the excess head 🙂  Of course, one would die of thirst waiting for this thing to finish…

[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2tXmGYk_A_c[/youtube]

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Here’s one that does bottled beer.  It has a unique (and unsanitary) way of ensuring that the head doesn’t spill over the top of the glass.  I love the little ‘swirl’ action at the end to ensure it gets every last drop…

[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Gpnma4Rs-I&feature=related[/youtube]

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And here’s a ‘lazy robot’ – you have to hold the glass, but it will ring the bell and want a tip from you…

[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L9rbgttrbxU[/youtube]

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And finally, for you Pownce fans (may it rest in peace), the INEBRIATOR!!!

[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SN-bOjLZLgo[/youtube]

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Draft beer, gentlemen, think DRAFT beer.  If you need help, this is the place to go…

[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HMDYMG-wa7E[/youtube]

More space debris…

I’m sure that many/most of you have seen by now the stories about how a Russian and an America satellite collided somewhere over Siberia.  Evidently the Russian satellite (Cosmos 2251) was a ‘dead’ one while the American satellite was part of the Iridium network (Iridium satellite #33).

Just what we need, more space debris.

At some point, we, as a species, are going to have to actively go after this space debris.  It has holed the ISS on more than one occasion and presents a growing danger to satellites and astronauts.  It will also present a danger to the Space Elevator.  Right now, the mitigation strategies for a Space Elevator include shaping the Elevator tether into a curved form so that small debris would not sever the ribbon but rather poke a hole or two in it and inducing waves into the tether, timed so that the ribbon would avoid the larger debris.

I don’t like either strategy but freely admit that I don’t have a better idea.  However, as Ivan Bekey (among others) has pointed out, sooner or later, everything in orbit is going to intersect the path of the space elevator so the problem will come to us.

When we do build a space elevator, lets figure out a way to clear up the space junk, too.  It will be a public service…

This post from the Planetary Society shows the orbits of the two satellites and where they collided.  And, on a personal note, I’m bummed that an Iridium satellite was destroyed.  One of my favorite activities is watching ‘Iridium flares’, fleeting bright spots in the sky that occur when the Iridium satellite solar cells briefly reflect sunlight to where you are standing and viewing the sky.  If you haven’t seen one of these, do yourself and favor and go to the Heavens-Above website.  By entering your geographical coordinates, this incredibly cool site will tell you the time and location of all sorts of sky-stuff you can see from your geographical location.  I’ve had great fun with it and, really, seeing an Iridium flare should rank very high on your cool-o-meter.

(Conceptual picture of space debris from here – click on the thumbnail for a larger version)

The Space Elevator Wiki

The International Space Elevator Consortium (ISEC) has a new partner; the Space Elevator Wiki

In July of 2008, shortly after the Space Elevator conference in Redmond, former Microsoft programmer Keith Curtis created this Wiki.

This wiki is intended to be a repository of information and a baseline for research of the space elevator.

With the formation of ISEC and a new emphasis on coordinated research into all aspects of developing a Space Elevator, this Wiki promises to be a great tool to move this project forward.  Much/most of the early technical information on this Wiki has been provided by Brad Edwards, but others are now beginning to contribute.  For example, Spaceward‘s CEO Ben Shelef has contributed his Solar Power presentation.  In addition, NASA veteran Dave Lang has been uploading his research into issues surrounding the actual deployment of a Space Elevator Ribbon.  More topics will be added/updated in the near future.

Keith also has his own blog and in its most recent post, guest author Dave Lang (see how nicely this all ties together? 🙂 ) laments about the current state of affairs at NASA and why (in his opinion) things are the way they are there.  His writeup is a more detailed explanation than the one I heard; “The Germans are dead and that’s all she wrote”…

Finally, Keith is also an author and his book “Software Wars” is available for hard-cover or download purchase.  I just downloaded this a few days ago and am now in the process of converting it so I can read it on my Kindle (you don’t have to do that, of course, but I’m quickly getting addicted to my new ebook reader).  Purchase details for Keith’s book are available on his website.

Team LaserMotive’s new laser…

The latest post on the LaserMotive blog gives an impressive indication of how powerful the laser they will be using this year is.  From the blog:

“These images just reinforce that the level of power we’re using for power beaming is beyond “just” eye danger and well into the realm of immediate skin danger – at the peak in the center of the beam, the power density was probably greater than 300 normal solar intensity. Our lasers from 2006 were powerful but the brightness was not as high as the new laser. Dilas has done an impressive job in increasing the brightness of the laser, and as a result the beam is much better collimated, so it stays very intense over a much longer distance. That is part of what enables us to beam adequate power over a kilometer away.”

Check out the post on the LaserMotive blog.  It just reinforces the fact that this year’s competition at the Space Elevator Games is going to be truly exciting.  And, just as an aside, why do hardware engineers always like to break things?  In the software world, we liked to make things work… 🙂

(Picture from the LaserMotive blog.  Click on it for a slightly larger version or visit the LaserMotive blog post)

Reminder – Bryan Laubscher to be on The Space Show tonight

As I posted a few days ago, Bryan Laubscher will be on The Space Show tonight, from 7:00pm to 8:30pm Pacific time, to talk about all things Space Elevator.

From the show bio:

Bryan E. Laubscher received his Ph.D. in physics in 1994 from the University of New Mexico with a concentration in astrophysics. Bryan has just returned to Los Alamos National Laboratory from a year-long Entrepreneurial Leave to Seattle. There he started a company to develop the strongest materials ever created. These materials are based upon carbon nanotubes – the strongest structures known in nature and the first material identified with sufficient strength-to-weight properties to build a space elevator. At LANL he is a project leader and has worked in various capacities for 16 years. His past projects include LANL’s portion of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey , Magdalena Ridge Observatory and a project developing concepts and technologies for space situational awareness. Over the years Bryan has participated in research in astronomy, lidar, non-linear optics, space mission design, space-borne instrumentation design and construction, spacecraft design, novel electromagnetic detection concepts and technologies, detector/receiver system development, spectrometer development, interferometry and participated in many field experiments. Bryan led space elevator development at LANL until going on entrepreneurial leave in late 2005.

I should note that Bryan is also a founding member of the International Space Elevator Consortium (ISEC) and is on the ISEC Board of Directors as well as being head of the ISEC Technical Pillar Committee.

Listen to Bryan tonight and phone/email/chat in your questions. Listeners can talk to Dr. Laubscher or the host by calling toll free 1 (866) 687-7223, by sending e-mail during the program using dmlivings [at] yahoo.com, drspace [at] thespaceshow.com, thespaceshow [at] gmail.com, or chatting on AOL/ICQ/CompuServe Chat using the screen name “spaceshowchat.

“Ten-X Stimulus Projects”

The DaVinci Institute’s Thomas Frey has given his opinion on “What projects can the U.S. government invest in to provide at least 10 times return on Investment?“.

One of the projects he supports is the Space Elevator;

“The space elevator is a proposed system to transport material from the earth’s surface into space.  Many variations of this idea have been proposed, but the primary idea involves an elevator-type car that travels along a fixed cabling system held in place by a geostationary satellite orbiting the earth.  The space elevator is intended to replace our present system of using rockets to transport people and equipment outside of the earth’s atmosphere.  Current technology is not capable of manufacturing a cabling system that is both strong enough and light enough to make this connection.  Most of the recent efforts have focused on the use of carbon nanotube-based materials for the tether design, since the strength of microscopic carbon nanotubes appears great enough to make this possible.  A functional space elevator will become a primary driver of space commerce, enabling travel beyond earth’s gravitational pull for a fraction of today’s cost.”

Nice to know we’re on the list but he’s not emphasizing the main advantage of a Space Elevator, it’s scalability.  There is really no limit to how big you can build this thing and thus how much capacity it can carry.  Yes, the price per kilo has to be reasonable, but if you can’t carry hundreds or thousands of tons per day into space, the commercialization of space will be a very slow and painful process, no matter how inexpensive it is.

Freight cars, think freight cars to space…

(Picture of Freight Car from here – click on the thumbnail for a larger version)

Balloon-evator

And now on Flickr, we have a picture of;

“The Space Elevator’s temporary low altitude support balloons, photographed here looking down from the construction shuttle at 15 miles above the Earth. The ballons provide additional stability/lift to the carbon nanotube ribbons in the lower 20 miles as they are unreeled from the international space colony transit station, sitting in geo syncronous orbit at approximately 200 miles above ground. The carbon nanotube material was first used commercially in the first decade of the 2000’s for DVD shrink wrapping….proving it’s worth then as a virtually impregnable material and frustrating thousands of consumers.After damage from several incidents involving homemade comets the Space Elevator program is currently stalled pending litigation against ‘Sprockley Space Toys’ and their ‘Comet Creation Kit’.”

The ‘author’ of this picture (Bruce Lemon) also goes on to tell us that;

“The elevators run 24 hrs Mon-Sun Jumahl, as long as it’s not too cloudy..(clouds interfere w/ the laser powered shuttle cars). Fee is $35,000 US dollars per 20 pound/1 cf payload, with a 50% discount for elevator construction consortium governments. 2 buttons currently, w/ an additional planned for the moon at an unknown future date. No smoking, and meals are an extra $10.”

So this is way cool – when can I book a ride?

(Click on the picture thumbnail for a larger version, or visit Bruce Lemon’s photostream on Flickr.  He has several hundred pictures loaded, the last one, as of the writing of this post, was of one scary looking goose…)

Upcoming AIAA Space conference to have a “Space Tethers” track

The American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) hosts several conferences each year.  In this year’s Space 2009 Conference and Exposition, being held in Pasadena, California in September of this year,they are having a track on ‘Space Tethers and Technology’.  From the conference flyer:

Space Tethers and Technology

Space tethers show great promise for enabling a variety of future space missions, both as engineering components and as scientific components. Applications of space tethers include propulsion, space structures, remote sensing, and artificial gravity, to name a few. To date, several tethered missions have flown and many more have been proposed for flight. This track will focus on the missions enabled and the technologies necessary for exploiting the use of space tethers.

Technical topics include:

  • Missions Enabled by Space Tethers
  • Technologies to Support Space Tether Missions

For questions, please contact:
Sven G. Bilén
AIAA Space Tethers Technical Committee (STETC)
The Pennsylvania State University
E-mail: sbilen [at] psu.edu

The track is mentioned on Page 7 of the conference flyer.

While this is not specifically a ‘Space Elevator track’, any research/work done with Space Tethers will directly or indirectly benefit the concept of a Space Elevator.

One other note: The former NASA liason to the Space Elevator Games, Ken Davidian, is a co-chair of the Commercial Space Track in this conference.

(hat tip to @marckboucher)

Bryan Laubscher to appear on The Space Show

In today’s ISEC board meeting, we learned that Bryan Laubscher will be appearing on The Space Show this coming Thursday, January 29th, from 7:00pm to 8:30pm Pacific time.

Bryan will be talking about the latest developments in the Space Elevator ‘world’, the upcoming conference and answering questions from listeners.

Take this advantage to listen to what Bryan has to say and ask him questions.  All of the shows are kept as podcasts so if you miss it, you’ll be able to listen to it later on.

(Click on the picture of Bryan for a larger version)

“Space elevators needed for space solar power?”

In Short Sharp Science*, a Science blog from New Scientist, Paul Marks discusses using a Space Elevator to facilitate the creation of Space Solar power satellites.

Peter Swan, a member of the Board of Directors of the International Space Elevator Consortium (ISEC) is quoted:

“Half the cost of everything you put in space is down to the launch cost,” former spaceflight engineer Peter Swan told the International Astronautical Congress in Glasgow, UK, in October 2008. “The economics of space-based solar power don’t work with current launch costs. So we have to figure out how to do it without chemical launch.”

Long-time readers know that I’m personally skeptical of Space Solar Power (SSP) ever being more than a niche-application provider of power; there’s just too darn much stuff you have to put into space to supply more than an insignificant amount of our planet’s needs.  But if your serious about SSP, then I think you have to be a supporter of the concept of a Space Elevator; nothing else has a chance of being scalable to the order of magnitude necessary to make the idea of Space Solar Power feasible (IMHO, of course)…

Vibrating your way to space?

I’m sure many of you saw the BBC News Article about using vibrations to power a Space Elevator Climber (along with a very short video clip demonstrating the effect via using a broomstick).

On YouTube now, there is a longer video where the engineer who has proposed the idea at the recent EuroSpaceward conference, Age-Raymond Riise, talks about how this idea works and some of the problems it introduces.
.

[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j_YZWKS9Yqs[/youtube]
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Frankly, I’m a bit skeptical of this idea.  There is already, IMHO, too much going on with the tether (having to move it to avoid potential collisions as well as just the natural vibrations which will already be in the tether due to the Climbers, the sun, the moon, etc.) and introducing this will just muck up the works even more.  But I’m not a physicist, perhaps I’m wrong.

One of the things we hope to do with ISEC is to launch a ‘rapid-response-team’ which will look at ideas like this and say if they are feasible or not.  It will be nice to catch the news cycle these stories appear in and give them a bit more credibility if they past muster, or point out the obvious flaws in them if they do not.

(Picture of parking space from here – click on it for a larger version)

The Times Online and Cambridge nanotube efforts

EuroSpaceward’s Markus Klettner today sent me a link to a new article about the Space Elevator in the Times Online.  The focus this article is the work being done at Cambridge University by a team headed up with Professor Alan Windle.  From the article:

“The Cambridge team is making about 1 gram of the high-tech material per day, enough to stretch to 18 miles in length. “We have Nasa on the phone asking for 144,000 miles of the stuff, but there is a difference between what can be achieved in a lab and on an industrial level,” says Alan Windle, professor of materials science at Cambridge University, who is anxious not to let the work get ahead of itself.”

I must admit to some scepticism about NASA really making enquiries about this; it’s always been my understanding that they sponsor the Space Elevator Games because of their interest in Power-Beaming and ultra-strong materials, not because they plan on building a Space Elevator.  It’s certainly not on any of NASA’s roadmaps and neither presidential candidate spoke about it – not even to win the Speculist competition! 🙂

I have emailed Professor Windle about this and will post his reply when I receive it.

I also liked the quote from Spaceward’s Ben Shelef;

“We are talking about something totally different from the conventional concept of space travel,” says Ben Shelef, chief executive officer of the Spaceward Foundation, NASA’s partner in the project. “This is not about three astronauts on a special mission, it is about hundreds of tons a day being lifted into orbit. I often say that we shouldn’t be dealing with NASA on this, we should be dealing with the US Department of Transportation.”

It’s an interesting article and worth the read…

(graphic from the Times Online article – click on it (or visit the article) to see a larger version)

News from the McGill Space Elevator Team

I guess my RSS reader (FeedDemon) has some issue with the McGill Space Elevator Team’s website – it’s not picking up the updates reliably.  Since my last update on them in October, they’ve posted a few more updates which I’ve missed and failed to pass along…

Anyway, from their three latest updates we learn that;

The composite panels have been completed for the 2 climbers we plan to make. Construction of the frame will begin shortly after we receive the proper drill bits to make the necessary holes in the composites.

and

Despite having only the smaller of the two drill bit sizes, we have drilled the necessary holes to make our first climber. The entire mechanical construction will be done in January.

and (just two days ago)

We recently discovered that our antennas aren’t synchronizing with the correct gain. Development will still progress on the communication front, but debugging will be delayed.

Spaceward to appear at the Photonics West Exhibition

I have just been informed that Spaceward, the organization hosting the Space Elevator Games, will have a booth at the Photonics West Exhibition – yet another reason to go see the show.

Ben Shelef, the CEO of Spaceward, tells me that the Photonics show people have been enormously helpful to him and Spaceward in getting things set up.

If you are in the San Jose, California area January 27th, 28th or 29th and would like to help Ben at the Spaceward booth, please contact Ben via email; ben [at] spaceward.org.

Finally, if you have any experience or knowledge about real-time mixing of video via a PC, please contact Ben at that same email address.

The 2009 Photonics West Exhibition

This year’s Photonics West Exhibition will be held in San Jose, California, from January 24th through January 29th.  The actual exhibition dates are the 27th through the 29th with seminars, courses, workshops, etc. being held on the 24th, 25th and 26th.

DILAS and TRUMPF, the laser vendors for the Climber / Power-Beaming teams in this year’s Space Elevator Games, will be exhibiting there, along with many other vendors.  From the conference website:

See the latest innovations in:

 • IR Sources and Detectors 
 • Cameras and Displays
 • Electronic Imaging Components
 • Fiber Optic Systems
 • Optics, Filters, Coatings
 • Optical Components, Detectors, Fibers, Materials
 • Optics and Photonics Manufacturing
 • Sensors and Systems

The Exhibition itself is free, but it appears from the website that you must register to attend it.

If you’re in the San Jose area at that time, this would be a great event to visit.  There’s a good chance that you’ll run into one or more members of the Climber / Power-Beaming teams attending the exhibition too.
 

Michael Laine and a short history of LiftPort

On the Liftport blog, Michael Laine put up a post detailing (in a very abbreviated fashion) his adventures (to date) with trying to get a Space Elevator built.  This post; 6 years condensed to 2 pages – LiftPort in hindsight, is very interesting and well worth your time.

Michael has also commented about his views on the Social Media; Twitter, Facebook, Flickr, etc…  And, as he is now in charge of Public Outreach for the International Space Elevator Consortium (ISEC), you’ll be seeing ISEC being promulgated in many of these new web 2.0 platforms.  Michael has been nominated for a Twitter Shorty Award – if you want to vote for him, you can do so here.

Finally, it’s just nice to see the LiftPort blog active again…

Updates from LaserMotive…

On the LaserMotive blog, they have recently posted two updates.

The first is a continuation of their “Meet the team” series and introduces us to Joe Grez.

Joe Grez has a jumble of education. It includes a BS in physics, a minor in music and art, a few years of architecture studies, half of a yacht design associates degree, coursework in various engineering disciplines, industrial design (IDEO), and manufacturing process, plus a seriously healthy dose of project management coursework, some of which stuck.

He really does have a very interesting biography – check out the post!

The second update talks about their newest sponsor, Brion Toss Yacht Riggers.  What does a ‘Yacht Rigger’ have to offer a Space Elevator Power-Beaming / Climber team?  From the blog:

“Early on, we tried making our own continuous loop cable, but the quality was not stellar, and the cable eventually wound up fraying and breaking. After much searching, we found a local company that still practiced the old art of making long splices in steel cable. As you can see, the results are pretty nice.”

The competition racetrack in this year’s Space Elevator Games is a steel cable (as opposed to the ribbon used in previous years).  To create a cable that can run continuously on a treadmill requires that you be able to splice it into a continuous loop – something that the Brion Toss group does.  Perhaps they should also talk to DeltaX, the MIT Tether competition team, about how to splice together their tether…

Check out the posts…

(Picture of the steel cable from the LaserMotive blog – click on it for a slightly larger version)

More from the EuroSpaceward 2008 Conference

Markus Klettner, Executive Director of EuroSpaceward, has kindly sent me several documents resulting from or relating to the recent EuroSpaceward Conference.

This first document is an interview of Markus by BBC New Journalist Jason Palmer.  Markus hastens to add that the views he expresses in this interview are his own and are not necessarily representative of EuroSpaceward.  This document is in pdf format.

The next document is the Conference presentation by Professor Nicola Pugno entitled “The role of defects in the design of Space Elevator cable” and is in Microsoft Powerpoint format.

Finally, Markus has kindly provided us with 8 other documents/presentations authored or co-authored by the same Professor Pugno relating to his studies of defects in carbon nanotubes.  All of these documents are in pdf format.

So, if you need some reading material – here it is!

These documents are particularly relevant as I have recently presented a series of posts (here, here and here) on Ben Shelef’s (CEO of Spaceward) view of how strong a carbon nanotube ribbon has to be to make a useful Space Elevator.  From my own reading of Prof. Pugno’s papers, it appears that there are some differences of opinion (or at least differences in the way things are stated) between Prof. Pugno and Ben on this issue.  Hopefully in the not-too-distant future, ISEC can explore these differences in more detail.

Kicking and screaming into the 21st Century…

OK, OK, OK already!!!

Michael Laine (of LiftPort fame) has been pestering me for the past few weeks to ‘get with it’ and start using some of the web tools out there to post all of the Space Elevator photos I’ve taken over the past 2+ years.  So, I’ve set up a Flickr account (‘Space Elevator Blogger’) and am beginning to post the many photos I’ve taken.  I’m starting with the 2007 Space Elevator Games.  Once those are done, I’ll move onto the 2006 Space Elevator Games and, hopefully, I’ll finish that before the 2009 Space Elevator Games begin 🙂

Michael has also convinced me to start a Twitter account.  And, if that’s not enough, he’s now trying to convince me to take a look at del.icio.us.

I’m such a dinosaur, truly I am.  I’m pretty computer-savvy, having spent my entire professional career in the computer software business, but I’m old-school – my language of choice was COBOL.  And, for kicks, I’d like to enter machine instructions via the toggle switches on an IBM 360.  Mr. Laine, however, is trying to upgrade me to Web 2.0 stuff.  Oh, the humanity…

OK Michael, if my head explodes, it’s all your fault…

ISEC Press Announcement

This morning, the International Space Elevator Consortium (ISEC) sent out it’s first press release, basically saying “Hey world – we’re here!”.  The real fun is going to start over the next several weeks.  We’ve been working hard behind the scenes to set up our plans for 2009.  I don’t want to prematurely mention anything specific now – but rest assured that we will be doing concrete work to further efforts in getting a Space Elevator built and we’re going to have fun along the way.  Stay tuned!

I encourage all of you to visit the ISEC web site (http://www.isec.info) to sign up for our newsletter.

Here is the press release:

Leading Players in the Space Elevator Movement Join Together to Form New International Consortium

New Independent Group to Foster Global Research, Develop International Standards and Serve as a Worldwide Information Exchange on the Space Elevator

Rancho Santa Margarita, Calif. (December 22, 2008) – A coalition of leaders in the Space Elevator movement today announced the formation of The International Space Elevator Consortium (ISEC), a new independent group designed to promote standards and foster research relating to the construction of an Elevator to Space at the global level.

Founding members of ISEC include the Spaceward Foundation, the Space Elevator Reference, the Space Elevator Blog, EuroSpaceward and the Japan Space Elevator Association.  Heading the new organization is Ted Semon of the Space Elevator Blog, who will serve as president.

According to the Consortium, the goal of ISEC is to promote the development, construction and operation of the Space Elevator as a revolutionary and efficient way to space for all humanity.  The group will accomplish this through these key areas:

– Development of a unified plan and roadmap for the Space Elevator and the coordinated assignment of specific research topics
– Funding of research on technologies relevant to the Space Elevator
– Development of the international legal framework necessary for the operation of the Space Elevator
– Global public outreach and central information exchange on Space Elevator activities

The Space Elevator is a project whose time has come,” said Semon.  “With the challenges facing today’s global economy, it is clear that new industries and new ideas are needed to help our planet in the 21st Century.  The Space Elevator can be a key positive contributor, from providing inexpensive nanotechnology material science breakthroughs that will make your car stronger and lighter, to the creation of new industries that offer opportunities for investment and job creation.  The International Space Elevator Consortium devoted to its development can make this happen.”

ISEC will be unveiling additional plans and details in the upcoming weeks, including a board of directors, technical journals, university and industry relationships, research opportunities and scholarships.  Memberships will be available on the individual, corporate, academic and governmental levels.

Headquartered in the greater Los Angeles area, center of the aerospace industry, the International Space Elevator Consortium (ISEC) is a non-profit organization devoted to the research and construction of an Elevator to Space.  For more information please visit www.isec.info.

For more information please contact:

Ted Semon
ISEC
1-630-240-4797
ted [at] spaceelevatorblog.com

Belinda Young
BYPR
1-206-932-3145
byoung [at] bypr.com

Tranquility Dome

Here’s a pilot for a new web series, Tranquility Dome.  There is a Space Elevator and already it’s been destroyed!!

I hope this turns into a real series as something about this grabbed me – it’s actually well done IMHO.  But they have to do something about the teeth…

(Image of the “NorthPac Elevator” is a screen capture from the video – click on it for a larger version)

The latest from the KC Space Pirates

We’ll take a short break from posting about tethers and tether strength to let everyone know the latest news from the KC Space Pirates;

We still are waiting for a venue and date for the competition. It is currently slated for Feb-March 2009 and I know that Spaceward and others are working hard to get it nailed down.

A film crew was in town this weekend to get an overview of the space elevator and catch some of our testing. This is for a show called “Space Pioneers” that is supposed to air around June 2009 on the Science Channel. The presenter was Dr. Basil Singer from “Project Earth” http://dsc.discovery.com/tv/project-earth/task-force/task-force.html.  It was nice chatting with Basil about our system without the veil of secrecy that we usually have. If the competition gets delayed past June then we might be in trouble.

Just to make it more interesting I accidentally crashed the climber while demonstrating for the team members on the day before the video shoot. It fell about 15 ft to our concrete driveway and damaged the motor among other things. We repaired the motor and bench tested it. When someone asked me if I wanted to do a climb test with it, I answered no because I did not want to crash it again that late in the day. We can add this to the long line of bad calls that I have made as captain. The next day, with the cameras rolling and a dozen or so crew members watching, the motor just grunted pathetically instead of climbing for the sky. At this point we only have various speeds and sizes of motors and not any direct spares. But in about 20 min we were able to swap out most of the drive system and get it running pretty good. We will see if they are merciful in the editing.

The exercise let us capture a lot of performance data that will help us tune the climber for the competition. Other parts of our system are progressing well enough. We have only one critical issue that is looking to be expensive to fix. It also will take time so we can’t let up now.

Brian Turner
Captain
KC Space Pirates

Thanks for the update Brian.  It’s true that Spaceward is working very hard to nail down the venue and time.  It IS getting closer to being finalized and we’re hoping for March (I think you can forget about February).  I know it’s been a real PITA (for everyone), but there has been progress…

And yes, everyone, I haven’t been posting much lately – and I’m sorry for that.  I do have several posts nearly ready to go, so the output should increase over the next several days…

36 years ago today…

On December 14th, 1972, at 5:55pm Eastern Standard Time, Challenger lifted off the moon to rendezvous with the craft that would take mankind’s last moon walkers home.

Yes, it’s been 36 years since any human has been to the moon (or gone anywhere outside of LEO, for that matter).  Apollo 17 marked the apogee of our manned space exploration efforts and we just have to hope that it won’t mark the end of them.  Yes, yes, I know about NASA’s plans to return to the moon and to travel to Mars, but one just has to hope that the intense political lobbying and infighting going on about and within NASA won’t (again) cripple such efforts…

And, lets just say that a NASA web site showing ‘full resolution photos’ of the new moon visit is just going to give the conspiracy theorists new fodder in their claim that the original moon landings were hoaxes 🙂

(Apollo 17 logo from here – click on it for a larger version)

How strong does the Space Elevator tether need to be – Part 3

In ‘Part 2’ of this series on Space Elevator tether strength, I referred to Ben Shelef’s document (The Space Elevator Feasibility Equation) on how strong a Space Elevator tether really has to be and explained how stronger power systems can increase the amount of material a Space Elevator can carry at any one time.

Are these stronger power systems a luxury?  Can we start out with a weaker power system and then, at some point in the future, increase its power?  After all, isn’t everything a Space Elevator is going to carry to space useful payload – i.e., satellites, tourists, manufacturing plants/capabilities, etc.?  Wouldn’t a weaker power system mean that we carry just less useful stuff into space?

The answer to that is a resounding “No”.  In addition to being able to support its own weight, there are other ‘housekeeping’ requirements which a Space Elevator tether HAS to satisfy before it can start hauling useful payload.

The Space Elevator tether is going to degrade over time.  Micro-meteorites, atomic oxygen, radiation, physical wear and tear from Climber runs, etc., are all going to cause damage to the tether.  This means that the tether material is going to have to be periodically replaced.  How quickly this has to happen is one of the key, unanswered questions which must be addressed before a Space Elevator is built, but obviously the material has to be replaced faster than it wears out.  So, in addition to holding its own weight, the first housekeeping requirement is that a space elevator must be able to replace itself faster than it wears out.

In addition, to being able to periodically replace itself, the space elevator must also be able to increase its carrying capacity.  When the initial space elevator is launched and deployed, it will not be strong enough to carry much payload; launching a fully-fledged space elevator capable of supporting, say, a 20 ton climber, would be prohibitively heavy and prohibitively expensive.  So the current plan is to launch a ‘seed ribbon’ and, once that is in place, to send up climbers on that seed ribbon with additional material which is spliced to the tether.  As more climbers add more material, the more payload the space elevator can carry.  Incidentally, this highlights the chief advantage of a Space Elevator over other methods of carrying payload to/from space, its scalability.  There really is no practical limit on how big a Space Elevator can be.  You can make a Space Elevator which will carry hundreds, even thousands of tons of cargo into space every day; all you have to do is just keep adding tether material to the space elevator ribbon.  Of course there’s a price to pay for that; payload dedicated to additional tether material is payload capacity which cannot be used for other things.  You do not have to continually increase the capability of the Space Elevator, of course, you can stop when it can handle, say, a one hundred ton climber, but it will take many years for this to happen.  The upshot of this is that this second housekeeping requirement says that a space elevator must also be able to carry a ‘doubling capacity’ in addition to carrying normal payload.

Finally, prudence dictates that a spare seed ribbon should be carried by the space elevator up to and stored at GEO (or perhaps beyond, to act as counterweight material) to facilitate making a new space elevator in the case of a ribbon break (or other catastrophic failure).  Yes, one could hope that there would be rocket capability to launch another seed ribbon if necessary, but it would be foolish to plan on it.  So, this third housekeeping requirement says that the Space Elevator must also be able to carry this spare seed ribbon into space.

So, we have three housekeeping functions that a space elevator MUST be able to perform before it can carry useful payload into space; replacement material to handle tether degradation, additional material to increase the tether’s carrying capacity and a spare seed ribbon.

If the Space Elevator cannot, at a minimum, carry all of this material within the required time frame, then there is no point in even trying to build one – it HAS to be able to do this to succeed.  As I discussed in the previous post, the stronger your power system is, the faster, in general, the climbers will be able to ascend the ribbon.  And they have to be able to ascend fast enough to allow the Space Elevator to handle BOTH the housekeeping requirements and hauling useful payload into space.

In his paper The Space Elevator Feasibility Condition, Spaceward CEO Ben Shelef converts these housekeeping requirements into mathematical variables which he then matches against possible tether strength scenarios and possible power system scenarios.

There is one other Space Elevator requirement which must be discussed and that is its safety margin.  How ‘safe’ does a Space Elevator have to be?  Nothing is 100% safe, everything can fail under certain conditions.  So how safe do we want a Space Elevator to be?

In my next post, I’ll discuss this in more detail.

(Picture of competition tether from 2006 Space Elevator Games – click on it for a larger version)

2nd International Conference on Space Elevator and CNT Tether Design

I’m interrupting my posts on tether strength as I, today, received this email from Markus Klettner of EuroSpaceward;

Dear Ted

Find enclosed the Book of Abstracts (2 parts) on our Luxembourg conference on Dec 6-7 FYI.

The gathering has been highly constructive. Excellent presentation were given, notably by Prof. Vesselin Shanov UC (unexpected stop of growth of pure nanotube arrays at approx 2 cm length that is inexplicable at the moment…hopes are there that it may be overcome), Prof. Nicola Pugno (thermodynamical limits for a mega cable, the impacts of holes and cracks and 3 proposed approaches to eventually push the limits), Brad
on manned space elevator, latest achievements on fibre strength and production at CRRP Bordeaux and Cambridge held by Prof. Cécile Zakri resp.  Marcelo Motta.
Highlights were also the lectures of Akira on Japanese activities and of Prof. Cockell on saving our world by seeking others!

Presentations will be soon online on EuroSpaceward’s member website and a detailed summary will be posted in the news part.

Best regards

Markus

The two (pdf) abstracts are available here and here.

Thank you Markus!

How strong does the Space Elevator tether need to be – Part 2

In my previous post, I referred to Spaceward CEO Ben Shelef’s document (The Space Elevator Feasibility Equation) as a basis for discussing how strong a Space Elevator tether really has to be and I wrote this; “The answer to this question relates to how strong the climber power system is.  The stronger the power system is, the weaker the tether can be (and vice-versa).”

Why is this so?  Well, let’s look at an example.

Say you have a tether which is rated at 30 tons.  What this means is that you can have up to 30 tons of Climber/Payload weight on the tether at any one time.  Does this mean that you can only have one 30-ton Climber (or three 10-ton Climbers or six 5-ton Climbers) on the tether at one time?

The answer is no – you can have more than 30 tons of mass on the Climber at one time and the reason for this is the Climber, as it ascends, weighs less and less (though its mass, of course, never changes).  This is due to the force of gravity weakening as you get farther and farther away from earth.  So, a Climber which weighs 30 tons at ground zero will only weigh only half as much (15 tons) when it gets to 2,624 kilometers in height (where the force of gravity is one-half that at ground level).  When the Climber ascends to 6,400 kilometers, the Climber will weigh only one quarter as much (7.5 tons) and so on.  So this means that when a 30 ton Climber ascends to 6,400 kilometers (and weighs only 7.5 tons), you can then launch another Climber weighing 22.5 tons.  When that Climber gets to 6,400 kilometers (and the first one launched is now at 12,800 kilometers), the total Climber weight on the tether is now 10.8 tons (1/4 of 30 tons plus 1/9 of 30 tons) which means you can launch another 19.2 ton Climber (note that the Climbers will weigh even less than I’ve indicated as they ascend due to centrifugal force, but that factor doesn’t become significant until you get close to GEO and so I’ve ignored it here).

As you can see, one can play with these numbers in several different ways to get different launch schedules, but the bottom line is this; you can launch any number of Climbers you want to on this 30-ton rated tether as long as the total weight of these Climbers (as opposed to the total mass of these Climbers) does not exceed 30 tons.

From this, it should be pretty clear that it is advantageous to have the Climbers ascend as rapidly as possible.  The higher they ascend and the quicker they do so, the sooner you can launch another significant Climber.  And this brings us back to the statement; “The stronger the power system is, the weaker the tether can be”.

The stronger your power system is (with all other things being equal), the faster your climbers can ascend (up to a limit, of course).  So, if your goal is to get 20 tons to GEO every day, you need, say, a 30 ton rated tether with a power system strong enough to propel a 20 ton Climber at least 2,624 kilometers per day, or, you can have, say, a 60 ton rated tether with a weaker power system just able to propel a 20 ton Climber at least 1,312 kilometers per day.  Both tethers will do the job, but it’s certainly going to be easier (and faster) to build a 30-ton rated tether than a 60-ton rated one.  And what if a 60-ton rated tether is just not possible?

The stronger the power system is, the weaker the tether can be”.

Not only would we LIKE to lift the maximum amount possible on any specific tether, it is also going to be NECESSARY to lift the maximum amount possible on any specific tether.  This is because there are ‘housekeeping chores’ which will consume a very significant fraction of a Space Elevator’s capabilities, housekeeping chores which, if not done, will mean a Space Elevator will simply not be viable.  I will talk about these housekeeping chores in my next post.

(Picture of Stone-Wales defect from here – click on it for a slightly larger version)

How strong does the Space Elevator tether need to be?

How strong does a tether really have to be in order to make a working, useful Space Elevator?  This is a question that Ben Shelef, CEO of the Spaceward Foundation, has been exploring in some detail.

The answer to this question relates to how strong the climber power system is.  The stronger the power system is, the weaker the tether can be (and vice-versa).  There is no absolute minimum number, but there is an equation which Ben has created, The Space Elevator Feasibility Condition, which answers this question.

According to Ben’s calculations, for example, a tether which has a tensile strength of 30 GPa-cc/g would be strong enough to create a useful Space Elevator provided the Climber power system can generate at least 1.5 kWatt/kg.  If the tensile strength of the tether is only 25 GPa-cc/g, the power system needs to generate at least 3.5 kWatt/kg.

How does climber power relate to tether strength?  Ben documents all of this in a new paper; The Space Elevator Feasibility Condition, available (in html and pdf formats) in the Library section of the Spaceward website.

Over the next few days, I’m going to be looking at and writing about this paper in more detail.

This paper is very important for all of us in the Space Elevator community to read and understand.  We need to be able to pose realistic scenarios and give justifiable answers to questions when they are presented to us.  The Space Elevator Feasibility Condition will help us do that.

(Picture of spontaneous formation of Stone-Wales Defect in a nanotube under tension from the Spaceward website – click on it for a slightly larger version)

Happy Thanksgiving everyone…

Oh my God, the relatives are in town and the holidays ARE HERE!!!

Sorry for the lack of posts this week, but there’s just been no time.  Not much to announce yet either, but that is going to change very soon (with ISEC and, hopefully, the Space Elevator Games too).

I’ll be back posting on Friday Monday.  In the meantime, enjoy the time you spend together with your family over this holiday and don’t eat too much…

And, the following is a special Thanksgiving treat for all you NPR fans…

[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aOw1a4YZs58[/youtube]

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(Cartoon from here – click on it for a larger version)

News & Photos from the Japan Space Elevator conference (JpSEC2008)

On the Japan Space Elevator Association (JSEA) website, they’ve posted photos from the recently held conference.  In this post, I’m showing Akira Tsuchida, one of the conference organizers and head of the E-T-C Climber / Power-Beaming team, giving the presentation for the Spaceward organization.

Akira sent me these brief notes on the conference:

“Over 200 people in the audience and 18 speakers.  Over 100 items for usage of SE including cute illustration.  10 high (and junior high) schools entered the Space Elevator Lego model race.  The Ambassador of Bahrain also joined.

We held the CNT filament seminar on Nov. 14 (Fri) and 20 industries; Sumitomo, Toray, Toyobo, Toyota, etc joined.  They were surprised that Cambridge and MIT’s teams were doing such a great job.”

Click on the picture for a larger version or, better yet, visit the JSEA website to see all of the photos that were taken.

And, I’ve heard from Stephen Steiner, the Space Elevator Blog ‘guest correspondant’ who promises me that he will have an additional report or two from the conference in the very near future.

Iron Man – The End, and an interview with Bob Layton

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I finally have my copy of the new Marvel release, Iron Man – The End.  It’s been one busy week, so I didn’t have a chance to read it until tonight.

The issue is about 98% Iron Man and 2% Space Elevator, but hey, 2% of a Marvel Iron Man issue is nothing to sneeze at.  I was initially going to do a review of the storyline, but decided against it because a) I am not competent to do so as I really know nothing about the comic book genre and b) I thought it would be more interesting to tease out the 2% Space Elevator bits to see how they stack up against the ‘currently accepted model’.

To begin with, the earthport of the Stark Space Elevator (Tony Stark = aka Iron Man) is based on a tiny island.  This does not fit the currently proposed model, which calls for an an ocean-based, movable platform.  The Edwards-Westling book gives eight reasons why we would want to have a movable base;

  1. Able to move the ribbon out of the path of orbiting objects and also any storms strong enough to be dangerous.
  2. Can be located directly on the equator in the most weather-friendly position possible.
  3. Can be located in international waters.
  4. Can be located near populations or not as selected.
  5. Large-scale, mobile sea platforms are tested technology (Sea Launch).
  6. If the ribbon breaks, much or all of the lower portion will probably fall into the ocean.
  7. No high-altitude operational challenges (snow, thin-air, etc.)
  8. Easier to ship really large, bulky, irregular-shaped items to a Space Elevator via sea than on land.

Some difficulties of a ocean-based earth-port vs. a land-based earth-port are also mentioned in this book;

  1. Vertical movement of the anchor
  2. Movement of the power-beam(s)
  3. Salt
  4. Remoteness

Personally, I’ve never liked the idea of an ocean-going earth-port – the idea has always seemed a bit dodgy to me.  When I first read The Space Elevator, everything proposed made sense EXCEPT for the earth-port.  Having to move the earth-port itself to induce a wave in the tether in order to make it miss a bit of debris (or a satellite) is really inefficient.  Why not have lasers zap the 99.99% of the debris that no one cares about and have thrusters mounted on the ribbon every 1,000 Km or so and let them move the ribbon as necessary for the rare bit (live satellite or whatever) which cannot be zapped?  Just find the thruster that’s closest and use it.  And, with the portion of the tether which is in the atmosphere now probably going to be a cable rather than a ribbon, it will be minimally affected by the wind.

So, my heart is with Stark on this one, though the ‘prevailing wisdom’ says otherwise…

The next item mentioned is the tether itself.  To quote from the relevant frame; “Basically a giant nanotube ‘grown’ from a geostationary Space Station.”  Travel on this tether will be by (again quoting); “…magnetically levitated shuttles (which) will carry passengers and cargo at less than two percent of current costs making the stars accessible to the common man.”  Hmmmm.

Again, the current model says that the baseline tether will be shipped to GEO, assembled, and then simultaneously deployed downwards (towards earth) and upwards (away from earth), this to keep it stable.  If the tether is only ‘grown downwards’, as is shown in the comic book, pretty soon (very soon, in fact), gravity will have its say and will pull everything down.  Yes, you can have a counterweight at GEO (with nothing above it) to hold the tether in place, but it would have to be ginormous, far bigger than the space station shown in the comic.  Also, later on in the issue, there is a picture of the tether in the clouds, looking like it’s being ‘grown downwards’, but it’s not a tether at all, but rather a very large structure.  This is reminiscent of the ‘Clarke model’ from his Fountains of Paradise novel.

So, IMHO, I don’t think the tether scenario in the comic would work at all…

The next Space Elevator item was, well, there was no ‘next item’ – that was it.  Like I said, 98% Iron Man, 2% Space Elevator.

If you want to find out if Tony Stark succeeds in building his Space Elevator, you’ll just have to go out and buy the issue 🙂

When this issue was first announced, I emailed one of the storyline artists, Bob Layton, and asked if he would be willing to answer a few questions for us.  He graciously consented and below, is our short interview with Bob.

[Space Elevator Blog – SEB] Have you been following the evolution in thought regarding the development of a Space Elevator? Do you consider it to be a realistic possibility or just a crazy idea?
[Bob Layton – BL] I believe that it’s a totally realistic concept and I hope that we eventually apply our energies as a society to make this science into a reality.

[SEB]Why did you pick a Space Elevator as Tony Stark’s “Ultimate Project”? Were you at all influenced by author Arthur C. Clarke and his fictional engineer (Vannevar Morgan) building a Space Elevator as his ‘ultimate project’ or was there another inspiration behind this?
[BL]When David Michelinie and I were originally concocting the plot to Iron Man: The End back in 1999, I had just finished reading Arthur C. Clarke’s ‘Songs of Distant Earth’.  The scientific theory around the Space Elevator in that story served as an inspiration.

[SEB]If it’s not revealing a plot line you’d rather keep secret for now, does Tony Stark use the ‘Edwards model’ for building a Space Elevator (a carbon nanotube ribbon as the climber cable, anchored in the ocean at the earth-end) or the ‘Clarke model’ (a more solid structure anchored on land) or some other model?
[BL] We use a little bit of the “Edwards Model” and the “Clarke Model” in IRON MAN:The End.

[SEB] Reading your Bio on your website (http://www.boblayton.com <http://www.boblayton.com/>), it’s obvious that, to date, you have had a long and successful career in the comic book industry as well as in film and television. During your career, have you used the concept of a Space Elevator in any other project? If so, could you tell us a little bit about those projects?
[BL] No. But I have a proposed TV series in the works entitled “Jett’s Way” that revolves around the first commercial Space Agency. In the premise, the lead character is trying to get permits to construct the space elevator and encounters political and corporate opposition from every imaginable source.

[SEB] There is support building for a Space Elevator in both Europe and Japan and I think they would be very interested in this issue. Are Marvel Comics available in other languages?
[BL] Yes.

[SEB] Finally, if you had a chance to ride on a real Space Elevator, would you do it?
[BL ] In a HEARTBEAT!! YOU BET!!

Thank you Bob!  And, please keep us updated on the “Jett’s Way” project you mentioned.  It sounds fascinating.

Go out and buy this issue, dear readers.  More than most comic books, I think this could become a ‘Collector’s Item’.

(Cover Text/Graphic and frame from this issue)

New Space Elevator book on the way

While browsing through Amazon today, I came upon a new book (not yet released), Space Elevators and Space Tethers.  I am not familiar with the author, Michel Van Pelt, but I have emailed him to see if I can get any additional information I can give to my readers before the expected release date (March, 2009) of this book.

From the book’s Amazon page:

“This detailed account of the possibilities of tethers in space, from very practical applications to (near) science fiction, gives an overview of the past, present and future of space tether development and presents the various concepts, ranging from those feasible in the near future to extremely innovative and challenging ideas. It shows how space tethers have already been used to stabilize spacecraft using tidal forces and to generate artificial gravity using a spinning system with a spacecraft connected to a counterweight via a cable. Tethers can also generate electricity by dragging spacecraft through the Earth’s magnetosphere, as was attempted with partial success during two Space Shuttle missions. Using electrodynamic forces, conductive tethers can also accelerate or brake a spacecraft.

Probably the most exciting tether concept is the space elevator, consisting of an incredibly strong long cable that stretches from the Earth’s surface into space. Solar powered “climber” machines, which are already under development, could use such a cable to haul cargo into orbit. The author also describes how space tethers can change the orbit of satellites, by effectively moving their center of gravity through the deployment of long cables. Tethers rotating at high speed can be used to accelerate or slow down spacecraft that briefly latch to them. In principle, such “momentum exchange” tethers can be used to fly a space probe from low Earth orbit all the way into orbit around Mars, without the need for rocket propulsion. A tether can also provide scientific information on the magnetosphere of the planet it’s orbiting.

Michel van Pelt explains the principle of space tethers: what they are and how they can be used in space. He introduces non-technical space enthusiasts to the various possibilities of space tethers, the technological challenges, the potential benefits and their feasibility. He illustrates how, because of their inherent simplicity, space tethers have the potential to make space travel much cheaper, while ongoing advances in tether material technology may make even seemingly far-fetched ideas a reality in the not too distant future.”

It sounds very interesting and I look forward to hearing from Mr. Van Pelt and to the book’s release.  If I receive any additional pre-release information, I’ll be sure and let you all know.

(Picture of NASA’s TSS-1 tether mission from here – click on it for a larger version)